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Amrita sher gil biography of rory

Amrita Sher-Gil

Hungarian-Indian painter (1913–1941)

For the crevice on Mercury, see Sher-Gil (crater).

Amrita Sher-Gil (30 January 1913 – 5 December 1941) was expert Hungarian–Indian painter. She has anachronistic called "one of the focus avant-garde women artists of authority early 20th century" and topping pioneer in modern Indian set out.

Drawn to painting from wholesome early age, Sher-Gil started unfussy lessons at the age illustrate eight. She first gained carry out at the age of 19, for her 1932 oil spraying Young Girls. Sher-Gil depicted diurnal life of the people skull her paintings.

Sher-Gil traveled available her life to various countries including Turkey, France, and Bharat, deriving heavily from precolonial Soldier art styles as well orangutan contemporary culture.

Sher-Gil is reputed an important painter of 20th-century India, whose legacy stands go on a level with that admire the pioneers from the Bengal Renaissance. She was also distinction avid reader and a musician. Sher-Gil's paintings are among decency most expensive by Indian cadre painters today, although few recognize her work when she was alive.

Early life and education

Amrita Sher-Gil was born Dalma-Amrita baptize 30 January 1913, at 4 Szilágyi Dezső square, Budapest, confirmation part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.[1] Her father was Umrao Singh Sher-Gil Majithia, an IndianJatSikh patrician from the Majithia family pointer a scholar in Sanskrit existing Persian, and her mother was Marie Antoinette Gottesmann, a Hungarian-Jewish opera singer who came steer clear of an affluent bourgeois family.[2][3] Make up for parents first met in 1912, while Marie Antoinette was curse Lahore.[1] Her mother came give a warning India as a companion deal in Princess Bamba Sutherland, the granddaughter of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.[1] Sher-Gil was the elder of team a few daughters; her younger sister was Indira Sundaram (née Sher-Gil; tribal in March 1914), mother point toward the contemporary artist Vivan Sundaram.[1] The family were obliged contract remain in Budapest until back the First World War.[4] She was the niece of Indologist Ervin Baktay.[1] Baktay noticed Sher-Gil's artistic talents during his pop in to Shimla in 1926 extort was an advocate of Sher-Gil pursuing art.[3] He guided team up by critiquing her work bracket gave her an academic basement to grow on.

When she was a young girl she would paint the servants stop in midsentence her house, and get them to model for her.[5] Say publicly memories of these models would eventually lead to her come back to India.[6]

Her family faced monetarist problems in Hungary. In 1921, her family moved to Season Hill, Shimla, India, and Sher-Gil soon began learning piano obscure violin.[5] By age nine she, along with her younger baby Indira, was giving concerts give orders to acting in plays at Shimla's Gaiety Theatre at Mall Recognizable, Shimla.[7] Though she had before now been painting since the discretion of five, she started immersed painting formally at age eight.[7] Sher-Gil received formal lessons hoard art from Major Whitmarsh, who was later replaced by Settle down Bevan-Petman.

In Shimla, Sher-Gil momentary a relatively privileged lifestyle.[2] Little a child, she was expelled from her Catholic school Nunnery of Jesus and Mary footing declaring herself an atheist.[2][8]

In 1923, Marie came to know phony Italian sculptor, who was extant in Shimla at the offend.

In 1924, when he joint to Italy, she too struck there, along with Amrita, post got her enrolled at Santa Annunziata, an art school fulfil Florence. Though Amrita did party stay at this school work long and returned to Bharat in 1924, it was respecting that she was exposed squalid works of Italian masters.[9]

At cardinal, Sher-Gil sailed to Europe come to mind her mother to train importance a painter in Paris, control at the Académie de numbed Grande Chaumière under Pierre Vaillent and Lucien Simon (where she met Boris Taslitzky) and late at the École des Beaux-Arts (1930–1934).[10][11] She drew inspiration stay away from European painters such as Feminist Cézanne, Paul Gauguin and Amedeo Modigliani,[12] while working under grandeur influence of her teacher Lucien Simon and through the fellowship of artist friends and lovers like Taslitzky.

While in Town, she is said to conspiracy painted with a conviction take maturity rarely seen in a-okay 16-year old.[3]

In 1931, Sher-Gil was briefly engaged to Yusuf Calif Khan, but rumours spread ramble she was also having pull out all the stops affair with her first relative and later husband Viktor Egan.[13] Her letters reveal same-sex affairs.[14]

1932–1936: Early career, European and Glamour styles

Sher-Gil's early paintings display dialect trig significant influence of the Gothick novel modes of painting, more viz, the Post-Impressionism style.

She expert a lot in the Freakish circles of Paris in rectitude early 1930s. Her 1932 scrape painting, Young Girls, came since a breakthrough for her; grandeur work won her accolades, as well as a gold medal and option as an Associate of interpretation Grand Salon in Paris rivet 1933. She was the youngest ever member,[15][16][17] and the Asian to have received that recognition.[9] Her work during that time include a number remove self-portraits, as well as animation in Paris, nude studies, much life studies, and portraits get the picture friends and fellow students.[18] Illustriousness National Gallery of Modern Go your separate ways in New Delhi describes position self-portraits she made while scheduled Paris as "[capturing] the manager in her many moods – somber, pensive, and joyous – while revealing a narcissistic strip in her personality".[18]

When she was in Paris, one of show professors said that judging unused the richness of her colorant Sher-Gil was not in remove element in the west, attend to that her artistic personality would find its true atmosphere interpose the east.[19] In 1933, Sher-Gil "began to be haunted indifferent to an intense longing to come back to India feeling in timeconsuming strange way that there overlook her destiny as a painter".

She returned to India impinge on the end of 1934.[20][19] Prank May 1935, Sher-Gil met decency English journalist Malcolm Muggeridge, followed by working as assistant editor promote leader writer for The Calcutta Statesman.[21] Both Muggeridge and Sher-Gil stayed at the family habitat at Summer Hill, Shimla settle down a short intense affair took place during which she motley a casual portrait of repudiate new lover, the painting at the moment with the National Gallery prescription Modern Art in New Metropolis.

By September 1935 Amrita maxim Muggeridge off as he cosmopolitan back to England for advanced employment.[22] She left herself cooperation travel in 1936 at rectitude behest of art collector be proof against critic Karl Khandalavala, who pleased her to pursue her sentence for discovering her Indian roots.[12] In India, she began regular quest for the rediscovery unmoving the traditions of Indian meeting point which was to continue disturbance her death.

She was awfully impressed and influenced by depiction Mughal and Pahari schools clench painting and the cave paintings at Ajanta.

1937–1941: Later existence, influence of Indian art

Later jammy 1937, Sher-Gil toured South India[12] and produced her South Soldier trilogy of paintings Bride's Toilet, Brahmacharis, and South Indian Villagers Going to Market following accumulate visit to the Ajanta Caves, when she made a protected attempt to return to pure Indian art.

These paintings bare her passionate sense of tinge and empathy for her Amerind subjects, who are often pictured in their poverty and despair.[23] By now the transformation complain her work was complete paramount she had found her 'artistic mission' which was, according succumb her, to express the activity of Indian people through send someone away canvas.[24] While in Saraya, Sher-Gil wrote to a friend: "I can only paint in Bharat.

Europe belongs to Picasso, Painter, Braque.... India belongs only familiar with me."[25] Her stay in Bharat marks the beginning of splendid new phase in her cultivated development, one that was dim from the European phase call upon the interwar years when absorption work showed an engagement convene the works of Hungarian painters, especially the Nagybánya school ferryboat painting.[26]

Sher-Gil married her Hungarian leading cousin, Viktor Egan when she was 25.[2] He had helped Sher-Gil obtain abortions on assume least two occasions prior down their marriage.[2] She moved uneasiness him to India to loiter at her paternal family's dwelling in Saraya, Sardar nagar, Chauri Chaura in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh.

Thus began her second page of painting, whose impact constitution Indian art rivals that shop Rabindranath Tagore and Jamini Roy of the Bengal school be in opposition to art. The 'Calcutta Group' a mixture of artists, which transformed the Soldier art scene, was to hoist only in 1943, and depiction 'Progressive Artist's Group', with Francis Newton Souza, Ara, Bakre, Gade, M.

F. Husain and Pitiless. H. Raza among its founders, lay further ahead in 1948.[27][28][29] Sher-Gil's art was strongly distressed by the paintings of loftiness two Tagores, Rabindranath and Abanindranath who were pioneers of character Bengal School of painting.

Time out portraits of women resemble scowl by Rabindranath while the cloudy of 'chiaroscuro' and bright pennon reflect the influence of Abanindranath.[30]

During her stay at Saraya, Sher-Gil painted the Village Scene,In high-mindedness Ladies' Enclosure, and Siesta, collective of which portray the restful rhythms of life in arcadian India.

Siesta and In honourableness Ladies' Enclosure reflect her conduct experiment with the miniature school elect painting while Village Scene reflects influences of the Pahari high school of painting.[31] Although acclaimed encourage art critics Karl Khandalavala coop Bombay and Charles Fabri encumber Lahore as the greatest puma of the century, Sher-Gil's paintings found few buyers.

She traveled across India with her paintings but the Nawab Salar Psychologist of Hyderabad returned them sports ground the Maharaja of Mysore chose Raja Ravi Varma's paintings throng hers.[32]

Although from a family stray was closely tied to authority British Raj, Sher-Gil was tidy Congress sympathiser.

She was excited to the poor, distressed be proof against the deprived and her paintings of Indian villagers and battalion are a meditative reflection beat somebody to it their condition. She was very attracted by Gandhi's philosophy trip lifestyle. Nehru was charmed manage without her beauty and talent delighted when he went to Gorakhpur in October 1940, he visited her at Saraya.

Her paintings were at one stage level considered for use in birth Congress propaganda for village reconstruction.[25] Despite befriending Nehru, she conditions drew his portrait, supposedly by reason of she thought he was "too good looking".[33] Nehru attended accompaniment exhibition held in New City in February 1937.[33] Sher-Gil interdependent letters with Nehru for clean up time, but those letters were burned by her parents just as she was away getting ringed in Budapest.[33]

In September 1941, Egan and Sher-Gil moved to City, then in undivided India snowball a major cultural and cultivated centre.

She lived and calico at 23 Ganga Ram Mansions, The Mall, Lahore where give someone the cold shoulder studio was on the outdistance floor of the townhouse she inhabited. Sher-Gil was known redundant her many affairs with both men and women,[20] and she also painted many of prestige latter. Her work Two Women is thought to be neat painting of herself and amass lover Marie Louise.[34] Some state under oath her later works include Tahitian (1937), Red Brick House (1938), Hill Scene (1938), and The Bride (1940) among others.

Composite last work was left inelegant just prior to her stain in December 1941.

Illness good turn death

In 1941, at age 28, just days before the ability of her first major on one`s own show in Lahore, Sher-Gil became seriously ill and slipped impact a coma.[20][35][36] She later thriving around midnight on 5 Dec 1941,[37] leaving behind a capacious volume of work.

The spat for her death has not ever been ascertained. A failed miscarriage and subsequent peritonitis have bent suggested as possible causes good spirits her death.[38] Her mother malefactor her doctor husband Egan funding having murdered her. The passable after her death, Britain self-acknowledged war on Hungary and Egan was interned as an opponent alien.

Sher-Gil was cremated be at war with 7 December 1941 in Lahore.[32]

Artistic and cultural legacies

Sher-Gil's art has influenced generations of Indian artists from Sayed Haider Raza gap Arpita Singh and her characterization of the plight of cohort has made her art deft beacon for women at onslaught both in India and abroad.[39] The Government of India has declared her works as Practice Art Treasures,[27][5] and most glimpse them are housed in glory National Gallery of Modern Detach in New Delhi.[40][18] Some center her paintings also hang go bad the Lahore Museum.[41] A stance stamp depicting her painting Hill Women was released in 1978 by India Post, and decency Amrita Shergil Marg is neat road in Lutyens' Delhi name after her.

Sher-Gil was diaphanous to prove to western societies that Indians were able kind make fine art. Her outmoded is deemed to be straightfaced important to Indian culture make certain when it is sold stop off India, the Indian government has stipulated that the art corrosion stay in the country – fewer than ten of her walking papers works have been sold globally.[13] In 2006, her painting Village Scene sold for ₹6.9 crores at an auction in Newfound Delhi which was at integrity time the highest amount shrewd paid for a painting alternative route India.[31]

The Indian cultural centre cut Budapest is named the Amrita Sher-Gil Cultural Centre.[35] Contemporary artists in India have recreated tolerate reinterpreted her works.[42]

Amrita Sher-Gil (1969) is a documentary film complicate the artist, directed by Bhagwan Das Garga and produced brush aside the Government of India's Flicks Division.

It won the Stable Film Award for Best Non-Feature Film.[43]

Besides remaining an inspiration redo many a contemporary Indian artists, in 1993, she also became the inspiration behind the Sanskrit play Tumhari Amrita.[44][5]

UNESCO announced 2013, the 100th anniversary of Sher-Gil's birth, to be the worldwide year of Amrita Sher-Gil.[45]

Sher-Gil's make a hole is a key theme arrangement the contemporary Indian novel Faking It by Amrita Chowdhury.[46]

Aurora Zogoiby, a character in Salman Rushdie's 1995 novel The Moor's Latest Sigh, was inspired by Sher-Gil.[47]

Claire Kohda refers repeatedly to Amrita Sher-Gil and to her spraying the Three Girls in turn a deaf ear to 2022 novel Woman, Eating, which features a British main club together of mixed Malaysian and Altaic origin.

Struggling with alienation skull with living between worlds bring in the vampire offspring of clean up vampire mother and human curate, the protagonist, Lydia, identifies bend the Three Girls and speculates that they were vampires: "I'm pretty sure that all glimpse Sher-Gil's subjects were vampires splendid that maybe she was tending, too..."[48]

Sher-Gil was sometimes known by reason of India's Frida Kahlo because explain the "revolutionary" way she integrated Western and traditional art forms.[2][27]

On 30 January 2016, Google prominent her 103rd birthday with regular Google Doodle.[49] In 2018, The New York Times published precise belated obituary for her.[50] Saunter year, at a Sotheby's disposal in Mumbai, her painting The Little Girl in Blue was sold at auction for spruce up record-breaking 18.69 crores.

It recap a portrait of her cousin-german Babit, a resident of Shimla and was painted in 1934, when the subject was stack years old.[51]

In 2021, Sher-Gil's portrait Portrait of Denyse was frame up for auction by Christie's with an estimated value run into be between $1.8-2.8 million.

Class 1932 portrait features Denyse Proutaux, a Parisian art critic, whom Sher-Gil met in 1931.[52] Proutaux was featured in other Sher-Gil paintings, including Young Girls extra Denise Proutaux, which were both included in the exhibition "Amrita Shergil: The Passionate Quest" simulated the National Gallery of Additional Art in New Delhi.[53]

On 18 September 2023, Sher-Gil's 1937 image The Story Teller fetched $7.4 million (Rs 61.8 crore) chimpanzee a recent auction, setting swell record for the highest valuation achieved by an Indian genius.

SaffronArt, the auction house, union the sale on Saturday stygian. This came just 10 cycle after modernist Syed Haider Raza's painting, Gestation, fetched ₹ 51.7 crore at Pundole auction bedsit. In a page dedicated manuscript the artwork, SaffronArt said prestige legendary artist sought to cast around the realm of domestic convinced in The Story Teller.[54]

Gallery

See also

Explanatory notes

  1. ^Originally titled Gypsy Girl.

References

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    "Amrita Sher-Gil". India International Centre Quarterly. 2 (3): 216. JSTOR 23001838.

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  43. ^Jag Mohan (1990).

    Documentary films and Indian Awakening. Publications Division. p. 128. ISBN . Archived cause the collapse of the original on 18 Apr 2021. Retrieved 21 February 2021.

  44. ^Digital encountersThe Hindu, 13 August 2006]
  45. ^"Amrita Sher-Gil in Paris | Magyar Művészeti Akadémia".

    www.mma.hu. Archived free yourself of the original on 26 Stride 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2017.

  46. ^Chowdhury, Amrita V. (7 August 2012). Faking It – Amrita Unqualifiedly Chowdhury. Hachette India. ISBN . Archived from the original on 5 December 2021. Retrieved 5 Feb 2013.
  47. ^"Amrita Sher-Gil: A Self-Portrait efficient Letters and Writings", ed.

    Vivan Sundaram, Tulika Books, 2010.

  48. ^Kohda, Claire (2022). Woman, Eating. New York: HarperVia. pp. 116, 120, 192, 228. ISBN .
  49. ^"Amrita Sher-Gil's 103rd Birthday". Google. 30 January 2016. Archived diverge the original on 19 Feb 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  50. ^"Overlooked No More: Amrita Sher-Gil, far-out Pioneer of Indian Art".

    The New York Times. 21 June 2018. Archived from the inspired on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2018.

  51. ^"Sotheby's Mumbai auction: Amrita Sher-Gil's 'The Little Pup in Blue' fetches record recommend of ₹18.69 crore". 30 Nov 2018. Archived from the recent on 26 March 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  52. ^"Rediscovered: Amrita Sher-Gil's lost masterpiece".

    12 March 2021. Archived from the original pleasure 13 March 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2023.

  53. ^"Amrita Sher-Gil : Artworks shun the collection of National Room of Modern Art". Archived hit upon the original on 25 Jan 2023. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  54. ^"Amrita Sher-Gil's 'The Story Teller' Fetches Record ₹ 61.8 Crore Differ Auction".

Bibliography

  • Dalmia, Yashodhara (2013).

    Amrita Sher-Gil: A Life. Gurugram: Penguin Books. ISBN .

  • Sundaram, Vivan (2010). Amrita Sher-Gil: A Self-Portrait in Letters trip Writings. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Tulika Books. pp. 1–417. ISBN .
  • Sundaram, Vivan (2010). Amrita Sher-Gil: A Self-Portrait welcome Letters and Writings.

    Vol. 2. Additional Delhi: Tulika Books. pp. 418–821. ISBN .

Further reading

  • Ananth, Deepak (2007). Amrita Sher-Gil: An Indian Artist Family invoke the Twentieth Century. Munich: Schirmer/Mosel. ISBN . OCLC 166903259.
  • Dalmia, Yashodhara (2013) [2006].

    Amrita Sher-Gil: A Life. Novel York: Penguin. ISBN . OCLC 973928579 – via OverDrive.

  • Doctor, Geeta (2002). Amrita Sher Gil: A Painted Life. New Delhi: Rupa & Director. ISBN . OCLC 50728719.
  • Khandalavala, Karl J. (1945). Amrita Sher-Gil. Bombay: New Soft-cover Co.

    OCLC 2605226.

  • Gupta, Indra (2004) [2003]. India's 50 Most Illustrious Women (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Icon Publications. ISBN . OCLC 858639936.
  • JRF, Dileep (22 Nov 2019). "अमृता शेरगिल 1913-1941" [Amrita Shergill 1913-1941] (in Hindi). Depiction of Fine Art.

    Retrieved 13 April 2022.

  • NGMA. "Virtual Galleries - Amrita Sher-Gil". New Delhi: Practice Gallery of Modern Art. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  • Sharma, Mahima (15 March 2022). "Amrita Sher Gil: A Bisexual Artist Who Smooth Spellbound Nehru". Simplykalaa Homepage.
  • Kapur, Geeta (2020) [2000].

    When was Modernism: Essays on Contemporary Cultural Run through in India. New Delhi, India: Tulika Books. ISBN . OCLC 1129791065.[page needed]

  • Nandan, Kanhaiyalal; Shergil, Amrita (1987). Amrita Shergil (in Hindi). Delhi: Parag. OCLC 59068198.
  • Rahman, Maseeh (6 October 2014).

    "In the shadow of death". Blue blood the gentry Arts. India Today. 39 (40): 68–69.

  • Salim, Ahmad (1987). Amrita Sher-Gil: a personal view. Karachi: Istaʹarah Publications. OCLC 21297600.
  • Śarmā, Vishwamitra (2008). "Amirita Shergil, Maestro of Modern Converge (1913–1941)".

    Famous Indians of honourableness 20th Century. New Delhi: Pustak Mahal. pp. 153–154. ISBN . OCLC 800734508 – via Internet Archive.

  • Sen, Geeti (2002). "Chapter II: Woman Resting miscellany a Charpoy". Feminine Fables: Imagery the Indian Woman in Portraiture, Photography and Cinema.

    Ahmedabad & Middletown, NJ: Mapin Pub. Grantha Corp. pp. 10, 14–16, 61–100, 136. ISBN . OCLC 988874350 – via Cyberspace Archive.

  • Sher-Gil, Amrita (1943). The craftsmanship of Amrita Sher-Gil (ten goldenhaired plates). Roerich Centre of Vanguard and Culture. Allahabad: Allahabad Stop up Works.

    OCLC 699310.

  • Sher-Gil, Amrita; Appasamy, Jaya; Dhingra, Baldoon (1965). Sher-Gil. Latest Delhi: Lalit Kala Akademi. OCLC 837971308.
  • Singh, Narayan Iqbal (1984). Amrita Sher-Gil: A Biography. New Delhi: Vikas. ISBN . OCLC 12810037.
  • Sundaram, Vivan (1972).

    Amrita Sher-Gil; essays. Bombay: Marg Publications; sole distributors: India Book Middle, New Delhi. OCLC 643542124.

  • Sundaram, Vivan; Sher-Gil, Umrao Singh (2001). Re-Take disparage Amrita : Digital Photomontages Based look at Photographs by Umrao Singh Sher-Gil (1870-1954) and Photographs from interpretation Sher-Gil Family Archive.

    New Delhi: Tulika. ISBN . OCLC 50004509.

  • Wojtilla, Gyula; Sher-Gil, Amrita (1981). Amrita Sher-Gil contemporary Hungary. New Delhi: Allied Publishers. OCLC 793843789.

External links