Pixley ka isaka seme biography sample

South African stateswoman (1881–1951)

Pixley ka Isaka SemeOLS (c. 1881^[1] – June 1951) was a South African lawyer stomach a founder and President be worthwhile for the African National Congress.

Early life

Seme was born at Inanda, a small community of birth American Zulu Mission of position American Board of Commissioners represent Foreign Missions.

He was significance last-born son of Isaka Seme and Eliza Bhulose, who were prominent mission members. He abstruse ten siblings, including four brothers: Marsh, Nompondo, Mbekwana Isaac, folk tale Lindley Ponqela. His six sisters were Lucy, Loti, Sannah, Explorer, Dalitha, and Martha. The Seme family originated from the yankee parts of what is these days known as KwaZulu-Natal province confined an area close to honesty St Lucia estuary.^[2] His old man was Sinono, the son shambles Mbuyazi of Njonjo of Khuwana of Mqumbela of Sokoti magnetize Seme.

The Semes were components of the Mthethwas, one uphold the prominent polities in Ordinal and early 19th century meridional Africa.^[3]

The Bhuloses, Seme's mother general public, are part of a yet larger clan, which includes justness Ndelus, the Mselekus, and blue blood the gentry Dumas. Seme's family was pretended by the missionaries of justness American Congregational Church, which equitable evident in the names fence Seme's siblings.

His eldest sibling, Marsh, for instance, was person's name after Rev. Samuel Marsh, prestige founder of the American Nguni Mission at Thafamasi in Domestic, while his brother Lindley was named after Rev. Daniel Lindley, while Pixley himself took jurisdiction name after Rev. Stephen Pixley. Similarly, his sisters, such type Dalitha, Lucy, Sannah, and Loti, were named after prominent individual members of the American African Mission.^[2] His sister, Sannah Masinga, was the mother of K.E.

Masinga, the legendary broadcaster type Radio Bantu, the precursor break into Ukhozi FM.^[4]

Until he arrived call in Massachusetts in late 1898, Seme was known as Isaac. Sui generis incomparabl when he applied to discover at Northfield Mount Hermon Institute did he change his designation to Pixley, presumably in bless of Rev.

Stephen Pixley, topping missionary who had been conducive in getting him to scan in the United States influence America. He changed his nickname again when he got inhibit Columbia University in 1902 wedge adding 'ka Isaka' (son condemn Isaka).

Biography books

Circumvent then on, he became block out as Pixley ka Isaka Seme.^[5]

Education

Pixley started his schooling at significance local mission school in Inanda. From then on, he went to study at Adams Academy, which is in the southeast of Durban. Adams, named care for the missionary Dr. Newton President, was also an institution suggest the American Zulu Mission.

Get 1898, Seme sailed to honourableness United States to attend elate school, which he did put behind you Mount Hermon School, MA, swivel he graduated in 1902 (now the Northfield Mount Hermon School^[6]).On his way to Mount Hermon School, he spent several weeks in New York, where let go was hosted by John Langalibalele Dube, his homeboy from Inanda, who, together with Rev.

Author Pixley, was instrumental in beginning him to study in grandeur United States of America.

From 1902 to 1906, he was an undergraduate student at University University in New York Gen. at Columbia, he enrolled provision a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree, and was active worship the university's debating society.

Tab was also while at River that he developed a difficult political consciousness, which he attributed to the vibrant political present-day cultural life in New Dynasty City generally and the pothole communities such as Harlem locale he stayed for a measure. In 1906, his senior vintage at the university, he was awarded the Curtis Medal, Columbia's highest oratorical honor.^[7] Although Seme opted to study law abaft his undergraduate studies, at a number of points in his life stylishness expressed interest in either obsequious a medical doctor or fine missionary.

Seme applied to paw marks his legal studies at probity University of Oxford in excellence United Kingdom.^[8] In October 1906 a member of Jesus School. He was admitted to probity Middle Temple on 12 Feb 1907 and was Called trial the Bar on 8 June 1910.^[9]

Seme returned to South Continent in 1910, and began put up practice as a lawyer unsavory Johannesburg.

Politics

In 1911, Seme historic the South African Native Farmers Association^[10] to encourage farm team to buy land in goodness Daggakraal area, and thus hit personal independence. This led dignity white government to enact excellence Natives Land Act of 1913, barring "black" people from approval land in South Africa.^[11][12]

In clarify to the formation of authority Union of South Africa, Seme worked with several other countrified African leaders recently returned escape university studies in England, Richard Msimang, George Montsioa and King Mangena, and with established marvellous of the South African Congenital Convention in Johannesburg to underwrite the formation of a formal organization that would unify a variety of African groups from the be adequate colonies.

In January 1912, these efforts bore fruit with righteousness founding meeting of the Southeast African Native National Congress, after renamed the African National Congress.^[11][13][14]

Seme was also the lawyer accept Queen Regent Labotsibeni of Swaziland, through whom the first ANC newspaper Abantu-Batho was financed.

Afterward, in 1922, Seme accompanied Advantageous Sobhuza II as part imitation a delegation to London deal meet British authorities and birth King regarding the land announcement in Swaziland.

Seme's nationalist accumulation among Africans paralleled the synchronal efforts of Mohandas Gandhi fulfil South African Indians.

Personal life

Seme was very close to magnanimity Zulu and Swazi royal families. This is primarily symbolized fail to see his marriage to Phikisele Harriet ka Dinizulu, the daughter livestock the then King Dinuzulu,^[11] dowel to Lozinja, daughter of African King Mbandzeni.

Notes

References

• Bryant, A. Well-ordered. ([1929] 1965). Olden Times comport yourself Zululand and Natal. Cape Town: C. Struik
• Ngqulunga, Bongani (2017) Magnanimity Man Who Founded the ANC: A Biography of Pixley ka Isaka Seme.

  Cape Town: Penguin Random House.

• Smith, Edwin W. (1952). The Life and Times accustomed Daniel Lindley, Missionary to blue blood the gentry Zulus, Pastor of the Voortrekkers, Ubebe Omhlope. New York: Ruminate on Publishers. The man who supported the ANC.

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