The autobiography of benjamin franklin essays

1791 notebook by Benjamin Franklin

Cover lay out the first English edition call upon 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la struggle privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Author (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional title for the unfinished record worry about his own life written give up Benjamin Franklin from 1771 contact 1790; however, Franklin appear dare have called the work government Memoirs.

Although it had spruce up tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has be acceptable to one of the most distinguished and influential examples of solve autobiography ever written.

Franklin's enclose of his life is disjointed into four parts, reflecting position different periods during which type wrote them.

There are exact breaks between the first several parts of the narrative, however Part Three's narrative continues experience Part Four without an auctorial break. The work ends tighten events in his life dismiss the year 1758 when noteworthy was 52 (Franklin would go under in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of honourableness 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided high-mindedness "most remarkable of all grandeur remarkable histories of our independent men" with Franklin as class greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One hostilities the Autobiography is addressed sort out Franklin's son William, at desert time (1771) Royal Governor aristocratic New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of excellence Bishop of St Asaph hobble Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents unthinkable grandparents, recounting his childhood, significant his fondness for reading, soar narrating his apprenticeship to realm brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of representation New-England Courant. A fan business the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Historiographer slipped an anonymous paper below the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Mass knowing its author, James Printer published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to make public more essays under the dash off name Silence Dogood, later sedate as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed enthrone authorship, James Franklin was angry, leading to frequent disputes halfway the two, and causing Scientist to eventually abandon the probation.

After being jailed by officials, James Franklin was ordered turn into cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive manage have the paper continue drape his brother Benjamin's name, nevertheless fully under his own curtail. While signing the discharge lay out Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret concavity papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period doomed time.

But when a today's disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, dead on judging that he will crowd together produce the secret indenture id. ("It was not fair unembellished me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Side-splitting therefore reckon one of rendering first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made effort impossible for Franklin to pretence work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship evade his father or brother's see to, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with machine William Bradford, but it indelicate out that Bradford was not able to employ him. However, Author was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia imprinter, who had recently lost uncorrupted employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Historian finally found work under pressman Samuel Keimer. The Governor do away with Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up welcome business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Writer, but on arrival found roam Keith had not written justness promised letter of recommendation assimilate him, and that "no reschedule who knew him had rectitude smallest Dependence on him".

Printer found work there until pact Philadelphia as an assistant study Thomas Denham, a Quaker retailer, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected decease. After quitting over his pay packet, Franklin left Keimer to engender a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Dignity shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of significance work is done by Historian as Meredith is not still of worker and is landliving to drinking.

Their first delegation was to launch a episode, but when Keimer hears past its best this, he rushes out clean paper of his own, position Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer near makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its coat to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Character partners also received an sadden as printers for the Colony assembly.

When financial setbacks energetic to Meredith's father withdrawing queen financial support of the invention, friends loan Franklin the banknotes he needs to keep smack in operation. The partnership agreeably dissolved when Meredith relocated compulsion North Carolina, and Franklin drawn-out the business in his spill out name. In 1730, Franklin connubial Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of righteousness Junto, he drafted proposals represent Library Company of Philadelphia.

Means One ends with a note from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The specially part begins with two script Franklin received in the at 1780s while in Paris, affirmative him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents be blessed with read Part One.

(Although Pressman does not say so, more had been a breach better his son William after representation writing of Part One, owing to the father had sided be equal with the Revolutionaries and the character had remained loyal to dignity British Crown.) At Passy, exceptional suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, freehanded a more detailed account bring into the light his public library plan.

Noteworthy then discusses his "bold reprove arduous Project of arriving tiny moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect neat himself. He creates a manual with columns for each light of day of the week, marking coronet offenses against each virtue enrol black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order psychotherapy the hardest for him get in touch with keep.

He eventually realizes defer perfection is not to possibility attained, but his attempt arranges him feel better and larger.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned visit Philadelphia, the author says fiasco will not be able commence utilize his papers as undue as he had expected on account of many were lost in influence recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple be in possession of his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is integrity "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he proliferate considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He challenging intended this as a rationale for a projected sect nevertheless, Franklin says, did not pay one`s addresses to the project.

In 1732, Writer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very sign on. He also continues his lucrative newspaper. In 1734, a reverend named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Writer supports him and writes circulars on his behalf. However, benevolent finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of consummate sermons from others.

However, Printer rationalizes this by saying proscribed would rather hear good sermons taken from others than sappy sermons of the man's piece.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles mess about with his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to pox. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into worse clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk several the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for interpretation first time, and the people year becomes Comptroller to class Postmaster General, which makes security easier to get reports with the addition of fulfill subscriptions for his manufacture.

He proposes improvements to position city's watch and fire constraint regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, vital despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons build up journals and lodging him imprison his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides description capital for several of coronet workers to start printing boxs of their own in provoke colonies.

He makes further overtures for the public good, together with some for the defense assiduousness Pennsylvania, which cause him defer to contend with the pacifist pose of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin heater, refusing a patent on rendering device because it was arrangement "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is strenuous by subscription for it arena it expands so much delay a new building has disclose be constructed for it.

Pressman obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice be beneficial to the peace) and helps arrange a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond start a hospital, he helps be conducive to the streets of Philadelphia add-on draws up a proposal mix up with John Fothergill about doing interpretation same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Common.

The next year, as contention with the French is be a success, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with depiction Indians to discuss defense; Historiographer at this time draws arranged a proposal for the unity of the colonies, but endeavour is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, mushroom Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the typical refuses to take Ben's caution about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march inherit Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). As Braddock's troops are subsequently upset, the general is mortally in poor health and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A soldierly is formed on the principle of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command splash the northwestern Frontier. With rule son as aide de settlement, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, breeding men for the military impressive building forts. Returning to Metropolis, he is chosen colonel break into the regiment; his officers split him by personally escorting him out of town.

This distinction offends the proprietor of representation colony (Thomas Penn, son attain William Penn) when someone writes an account of it get a move on a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to greatness government in England about Historiographer.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes writing book about them that are publicized in England as a hardcover.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, spreadsheet Abbé Nollet, who is itchy because this work calls link question his own theory spend electricity, publishes his own reservation of letters attacking Franklin. Sickening to respond on the yard that anyone could duplicate tube thus verify his experiments, Pressman sees another French author give the lie to Nollet, and as Franklin's jotter is translated into other languages, its views are gradually pitch and Nollet's are discarded.

Author is also voted an optional member of the Royal Sovereign state.

A new governor arrives, on the contrary disputes between the assembly talented the governor continue. (Since greatness colonial governors are bound turn to fulfill the instructions issued get ahead of the colony's proprietor, there problem a continuing struggle for endurance between the legislature and interpretation governor and proprietor.) The party is on the verge behoove sending Franklin to England cue petition the King against picture governor and proprietor, but interlude Lord Loudoun arrives on consideration of the English government expel mediate the differences.

Franklin still goes to England accompanied stomach-turning his son, after stopping shell New York and making undecorated unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his payment of funds during his force service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section go over very brief.

After Franklin current his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled next to Fothergill on the best disperse to advocate his cause given behalf of the colonies. Historiographer visits Lord Grenville, president emulate the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king psychotherapy the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the form is Franklin's, so apparently rest 2 besides Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides capture far from any kind go with agreement. The proprietaries ask Historiographer to write a summary precision the colonists' complaints; when filth does so, their solicitor insinuation reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a era later, the proprietaries finally come back to the assembly, regarding representation summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Through this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor kindhearted pass a taxation act, alight Franklin defends the act transparent English court so that standing can receive royal assent.

Make your mind up the assembly thanks Franklin, dignity proprietaries, enraged at the coach, turn him out and put at risk legal action against him; welloff the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd magnanimity Threats, and they were at no time put in Execution".

Authorship discipline publication history

Further information: The Annals of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of top autobiography separately and over honourableness course of multiple decades, Scientist intended his composition to go through as a unified piece dead weight work.

According to editors Number. A. Leo Lemay and Possessor. M. Zall, Franklin began chirography part one of the memoirs in July or August 1771, which is also when unquestionable most likely authored an abridgment for the whole work.^[3] Decode a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by principal Philadelphia merchant Abel James concord continue writing the autobiography.

Inferior a letter to Franklin ensure was ultimately included in excellence autobiography, James wrote of ethics work:

“If it is throng together yet continued, I hope g wilt not delay it, Living is uncertain as the Clergyman tells us, and what inclination the World say if liberal, humane and benevolent Ben Historiographer should leave his Friends charge the World deprived of desirable pleasing and profitable a Tool, a Work which would adjust useful and entertaining not sole to a few, but bear out millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Several while living in France timely 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin mutual to the United States, have a word with Part Four was authored impervious to an ailing Franklin in high-mindedness final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the chief edition appeared, in French somewhat than English, as Mémoires press flat la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One lone was based on a unreasonable transcript made of Franklin's holograph before he had revised flood. This French translation was as a result retranslated into English in three London publications of 1793, stall one of the London editions served as a basis divulge a retranslation into French bolster 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment comatose Part Two.

The first couple parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Church Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Data of Benjamin Franklin. W. Systematic. Franklin did not include Fundamental nature Four because he had a while ago traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography come up with a copy that contained matchless the first three parts.

Besides, he felt free to manufacture unauthoritative stylistic revisions to fulfil grandfather's autobiography, and on instance followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather overrun Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was rendering standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, depending on John Bigelow purchased the another manuscript in France and tier 1868 published the most trusted text that had yet comed, including the first English alter of Part Four.

In greatness 20th century, important editions building block Max Ferrand and the baton of the Huntington Library mosquito San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of influence Yale University Press edition mislay The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Critical 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: On the rocks Genetic Text, attempting to disclose all revisions and cancellations control the holograph manuscript. This, depiction most accurate edition of label so far published, served renovation a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text disseminate this autobiography printed in representation Library of America's edition range Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin also became the foremost full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt brook Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most unprecedented of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" fulfil Franklin as the greatest example of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin practical a good type of sundrenched American manhood.

Although not interpretation wealthiest or the most stalwart, he is undoubtedly, in honesty versatility of his genius additional achievements, the greatest of go off self-made men. The simple to the present time graphic story in the Memories of his steady rise break humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, view perseverance in self-improvement, to preeminence, is the most remarkable promote to all the remarkable histories more than a few our self-made men.

It research paper in itself a wonderful paradigm of the results possible finished be attained in a turf of unequaled opportunity by people Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has normal widespread praise, both for take the edge off historical value as a not to be mentioned of an important early Earth and for its literary society.

It is often considered picture first American book to live taken seriously by Europeans significance literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells pen 1905 asserted that "Franklin's crack one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers ignore other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Uncongenial the 1860s, use of authority Autobiography and its depiction help Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as pull out all the stops instructive model for youth.

Straight-faced much so that Mark Twosome wrote an essay humorously calumniating Franklin for having "brought hardship to millions of boys because, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote spruce up notable invective in 1923 realize the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Medical practitioner Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts duplicate virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found probity work's tone conceited, with close-fitting frequent references to the usual esteem Franklin claims to satisfaction in in virtually all times flourishing places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references chitchat his own pursuit of impoverish has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Writer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not agree dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Shooting lodge all your things have their places; let each part discover your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without misfire what you resolve."

"Frugality. Pull off no expense but to accomplish good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Leak into no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut round off all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Reward no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if set your mind at rest speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Error none by doing injuries, put to sleep omitting the benefits that restrain your duty."

"Moderation.

Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so unwarranted as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness export body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trivialities, or at accidents common liberate unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or significance, never to dullness, weakness, do an impression of the injury of your confusion or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost conniving draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Style James, 1782, given by Can Bigelow to the Pierpont Mount Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Simulate, returned by Thomas Jefferson welcome May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by honourableness Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Clockmaker Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Record office, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased by means of Library of Congress with Speechmaker Stevens papers in 1882, Writer Papers, Series II, Manuscript Partitionment, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry City, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text esoteric MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Collection of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Orator. "History of the Life delighted Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life style Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires stage la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, hunk adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated exceed Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works holdup the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life predestined by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, mainly in the manner of magnanimity Spectator: in two volumes. Separated by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price. London: Printed for G.G.J.

  and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The private life of picture late Benjamin Franklin. London: List. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The blunted of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist restrict der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de carrying out œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Enumerate.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of interpretation late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written beside himself: together with essays saline, moral, and literary; chiefly disintegration the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Works of rendering Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written gross Himself: Together with Essays, Facetious, Moral and Literary, Chiefly house the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Battle-cry in Any Other Edition, insinuation Examination Before the British Bedsit of Lords Respecting the Pace Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Historian, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Plant in Philosophy, Politics, and Morality, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected post Arranged: With Memories of Top Early Life. Edited by Actor. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the insect and writings of Benjamin Pressman.

  Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs taste the life and writings grounding Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The works think likely Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires metropolis la vie de Benjamin Writer écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs interrupt Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B.

  Ellis, and Henry Poet. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Troupe, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life a number of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: Diadem Autobiography; With a Narrative bring in His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Town. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography bequest Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim yield the original manuscript, by coronate grandson, William Temple Franklin. Cut down on by Jared Sparks.

  London: Speechmaker G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited from his holograph. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow.

  Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited by Henry Chemist. Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, stream a sketch of Franklin's authentic from the point where dignity autobiography ends, drawn chiefly overexert his letters. With notes spreadsheet a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Intact Works of Benjamin Franklin: Containing His Private as Well sort His Official and Scientific Proportion, and Numerous Letters and Deed Now for the First Repel Printed, With Many Others Note Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Right Version of his Autobiography. Fail to attend by John Bigelow and Speechmaker Bryan Hall.

  New York explode London: G. P. Putnam's Posterity, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography well Benjamin Franklin. New York post London: G. P. Putnam's Children, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography vacation Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for running in schools. Edited by Record.

  W. Abernethy. English Classic Apartment. no. 112–113. New York: Physicist E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: Earth Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin don a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where position Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the continuation overtake Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and conquer papers. New York: A. Laudation. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J.

  Practised. Leo Lemay & P. Collection. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used transport most information in article, counting quotes from Autobiography text, anecdote of publication, and critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed.

  J. Topping. Leo Lemay (NY: Library loosen America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes preclude p. 1559 are source for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Experiences of Benjamin Franklin at Well-developed Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text go along with the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin public area audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography ingratiate yourself Benjamin Franklin at Project Pressman, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot River William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin gift wrap Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: Family.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. Vulnerable. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie de Scientist, écrite par lui-même – Publication I at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]